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Verified Production Fix

[nodejs/node] Automate synchronization of built-in ESM facades with modified CJS exports

GH-nodejs/node#62142 β€’ Mar 08, 2026

### ROOT CAUSE The current issue arises because `Module.syncBuiltinESMExports()` is a manual process, which can be easily forgotten, especially during testing and mocking scenarios. This leads to inconsistencies between the CommonJS (CJS) and ECMAScript Modules (ESM) versions of built-in modules, making the native mocking system brittle and error-prone. ### CODE FIX To address this issue, we can implement an automatic synchronization mechanism for built-in ESM facades with modified CJS exports. One possible solution is to use a Proxy or dynamic getters on the `ModuleWrap` to ensure that the ESM side always reflects the latest CJS state. Here’s a technical solution: 1. **Proxy Implementation**: - Create a Proxy for the built-in CJS exports. - Whenever a property is accessed or modified on the Proxy, trigger the `module.syncBuiltinESMExports()` function. 2. **Dynamic Getters**: - Use dynamic getters on the `ModuleWrap` to intercept property access and modification. - When a property is accessed or modified, trigger the `module.syncBuiltinESMExports()` function. Here’s a simplified example of how this could be implemented:

// Create a Proxy for the built-in CJS exports
const builtinCJSExports = require('built-in-module');
const builtinESMExports = new Proxy(builtinCJSExports, {
  get(target, prop, receiver) {
    module.syncBuiltinESMExports();
    return Reflect.get(target, prop, receiver);
  },
  set(target, prop, value, receiver) {
    module.syncBuiltinESMExports();
    return Reflect.set(target, prop, value, receiver);
  }
});

// Replace the original built-in CJS exports with the Proxy
module.exports = builtinESMExports;


3. **Internal Observer**:
   - Implement an internal observer that triggers the existing sync logic whenever the core exports objects are mutated.
   - This observer can be integrated into the `ModuleWrap` class to ensure that any modifications to the CJS exports are detected and the ESM exports are synchronized accordingly.

Here’s a simplified example of how this could be implemented:


class ModuleWrap {
  constructor() {
    this.exports = {};
    this.observers = [];
  }

  addObserver(observer) {
    this.observers.push(observer);
  }

  notifyObservers() {
    this.observers.forEach(observer => observer());
  }

  setExport(prop, value) {
    this.exports[prop] = value;
    this.notifyObservers();
  }
}

const moduleWrap = new ModuleWrap();
moduleWrap.addObserver(() => module.syncBuiltinESMExports());

// Example usage
moduleWrap.setExport('someProp', 'someValue');


By implementing one of these solutions, we can automate the synchronization of built-in ESM facades with modified CJS exports, reducing the risk of inconsistencies and making the native mocking system more reliable.

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